Hyperaldosteronism Or CONN's Syndrome Explained and Treatment

Aldosterone is a mineral corticoid produced and released from the most superficial layer or zona glomerulosa of adrenal cortex. Cortisol which is a glucocorticoid and de-hydro-epiandosterone which is a sex hormone is produced and released from the deeper layers: zona fasciculata and zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex.

• In the cells of zona glomerulosa aldosterone is synthesized and released: 
• Cholesterol is taken from low density lipoproteins by the mitrochondria. 
• Cholesterol is converted to pregnenolone in mitrochondria. Pregnenolone is then taken up by endoplasmic reticulum and converted to progesterone. 
• Progesterone is converted to deoxycorticosterone in endoplasmic reticulum.
• Deoxycorticosterone is again taken up by mitrochondria and converted first to corticosterone and then to aldosterone.

Aldosterone acts on the epithelial cells of distal convulated tubule, collecting tubule and collecting duct of nephrons. When aldosterone acts on an epithelial cell, it enables the excretion of potassium ions into the lumen and enables the reabsorption of sodium ions and water from the lumen into the interstitial fluid.

Aldosterone also stimulates cells of large intestine, mammary glands, sweat glands and salivary glands to do the same functions. Aldosterone function may also be performed by its pre-cursors de-oxy-corticosterone and corticosterone.

Prolonged aldosterone excess:

Hypernatremia (Increased concentration of sodium in blood) +water retention leading to hypertension, hypokalemia (decreased concentration of potassium in blood), alkalosis or formation of HCO3- due to excessive H+ excretion.

Prolonged aldosterone deficiency: 

Hyponatremia + water loss, hyperkalemia, acidosis or formation of H2CO3.

Coticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) released by the hypothalamus acts on corticotropes (CRH releasing cells) of anterior pituitary to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ATCH). ACTH mainly acts on fasciculata and reticularis cells and causes release of cortisol and dehydro-epiandosterone. The secretion of aldosterone from glomerulosa cells is mainly stimulated by renin-angiotensin system, little by ACTH and hyperkalemia.

Renin-angiotensin system: 

It is performed by the juxta-glomerular apparatus. The juxta-glomerular apparatus consists of part of the distal convulated tubule that is surrounded by a V-shaped fork formed by the afferent and efferent arteriole moving to and from the glomerulus. The smooth muscles of the arterioles forming the V-shaped fork are called granular cells. During low blood pressure, the granuler cells produce a substance called renin. Renin converts angiotensin (a plasma protein found in blood secreted by the liver cells) to angiotensin1. When blood containing angiotensin1 passes through the pulmonary capillaries an enzyme there, angiotensin converting enzyme converts angiotensin1 to angiotensin2.

Angiotensin2 acts on smooth muscles of blood vessels causing their vasoconstriction. Angiotensin2 also acts on granular cells inhibiting renin release by negative feedback. It acts on liver cells and stimulates them to release more angiotensin by positive feedback. It also acts on glomerulosa cells and stimulates them to release aldosterone. Opposite to that, low angiotensin2 levels in the blood stimulate granular cells to secrete renin so that more angiotensin2 can be produced.

Low BP causes renin release so that there can be vasoconstriction. The opposite is also true i.e. inhibition of renin in response to high BP.

Causes of low BP: 

Dehydration, hemorrhage, shock, stenosis of renal artery or low BP caused by movement from supine to erect position.

Catecholamines can also act on beta adrenergic receptors on luminal surface of granular cells and stimulate them to release renin which causes production of angiotensin2. Angiotensin2 acts on smooth muscles of arteries and causes vasoconstriction.

Primary hyperaldosteronism or CONN’S syndrome: 

Characterized by increased Na+ retention, water retention, hypertension, increased ECF expansion volume, hypokalemia, and alkalosis. High blood pressure is detected by receptors on the luminal surface of granular cells, inhibiting renin production.

Diagnosis: plasma with increased aldosterone and decreased renin.

Causes of CONN’S syndrome:

• Adrenal adenoma. 
• Bilateral hyperplasia of adrenal glands which may be due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH): 

It is caused by genetic defect in one of the enzymes that converts 17-hydroxy-pregnenolone to cortisol. Decrease in cortisol stimulates the cells of hypothalamus to secrete corticotropin stimulating hormone (that in turn causes the release of ACTH) and the corticotropes to release ACTH. Excessive release of ACTH causes hyperplasia of adrenal cortex.

Secondary hyperaldostronism: 

Different from primary as plasma sample contains both high aldosterone and renin. It is due to hypersecretion of renin secondary to granular cell tumor or low renal perfusion pressure. Therefore it is characterized by hypovolemia while primary hyperaldosteronism is characterized by hyper-volemia. A third distinguishing factor is that alkalosis is seen in primary but not in secondary because due to hypervolemia HCO3- is excreted in urine.

Treatment of primary and secondary hyperaldosteronism: 

It is aimed at decreasing the levels of aldosterone to decrease the symptoms. Aldactone is a drug mainly given for primary hyperaldosteronism. It competitively binds with aldosterone sensitive receptors on epithelial cells of distal convulated tubule and acts as an antagonist causing excretion of Na+ and water while retaining K+ and H+. In CAH cortisol is injected which inhibits corticotropin releasing hormone by negative feedback. The glomerulosa cells can detect both high levels of aldosterone and cortisol and in response the cells inhibit aldosterone release. In normal physiology an enzyme secreted by the granular cells binds to cortisol and does not allow it to perform its inhibitory effect on zona glomerulosa cells so that cortisol levels have no regulatory action on aldosterone. Glycirrhizic acid injected into plasma can bind with the enzyme, letting cortisol free to act on zona glomerulosa cells and inhibit release of aldosterone. Following glycirrhizic acid injection, cortisol is given that freely performs inhibition of aldosterone.

In blood sample:
Primary hyperaldosteronism: decrease in renin due to negative feedback caused by high levels of aldosterone.
Secondary hyperaldosteronism: increase in renin due to low BP.
Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism: hypertension, hypokalemia and acidosis are the symptoms but plasma levels are not high in aldosterone. It is due to genetic defect in the Na+, K+ and H+ pumps in distal convulated tubular cells that are retaining Na+ and excreting K+ and H+.

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Home Remedy for Heartburn

Heartburn

Heartburn is one of the worst pains that one has to undergo face now and then. It is the burning feeling that a person has to face this takes place when the food comes back into the esophagus. The food in the stomach sometimes comes out along the esophagus into the mouth, in that occasion the acids in the partly digested food make the pain in ones chest or throat. It is named by the doctors as pyrosis cardialgia or in other words acid ingestion. A person should take suitable advises from the doctor if the symptom occurs more than once a month or less times per week. The person can get the relief from a home remedy. It will save a lot of money for the doctor as well as swallowing number of pills. But if there are more than once a month, the person said to be chronically ill and he or she has to take the medicine.

Medicine for the Acid Ingestion or Heartburn

As there are millions of the victim of these diseases, they have been treated with many types of remedies. For a person who is suffering chronic, it is better to follow the doctors’ advice and use medical therapy. Those patients are advised to use antacids, H2 blockers and the photon pump inhibitors. It is not advisable to treat the patients of heartburn with home remedies or the treatments. Before practicing the home made treatments or therapies the patient must get an understanding about his or her illness. Those treatments are given for the occasional illnesses. He or she must get proper treatment otherwise the situation will be increased into the serious level. The serious level is gastro esophageal efflux disease.

Some successful home remedies for Heartburn

• There are some food items that increase the rate of the disease. So it is advisable to refrain from those kinds of food items. They are food as well as beverages too. The person must not take citrus fruits, citrus juice. Chocolate, peppermint, tomato based food products and drinks with caffeine.
• Do not go to bed 2 or 3 hours after a meal.
• The food can go into the stomach after 2 or 3 hours, so that it will not come back. The person should keep the head in an elevated position in order to prevent the food coming back along the food pipe.
• The person should not smoke, as the smoke increases the acid secretion in the stomach.
• The patient can use a small amount of Baking Soda, as it has antacid features. But it should be used carefully.
• Banana is a natural antacid agent; therefore the patient can gain satisfactory results by eating bananas. The people, who eat one or two bananas a day, are free from heart burn.
• Another age old treatment is ginger. It can be used in the cooking, as a drink with tea or eaten raw. Many patients are used to consume this traditional remedy to get away from the burning pain of heartburn.

There are many more home treatments of this particular disease, but they should be practiced in a very careful manner. A particular treatment will be the reason for improving another type of symptom, so it is better to practice these things in the perfect manner.

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Home Remedies for Gout

The human body is a creation of the superior knowledge and experiences of the Mother Nature. The systems are interrelated and work as a complex machine to maintain the body. But sometimes this marvelous machine also goes out of the proper track and Gout is one such occasion.

Gout Disease 

The uric acid is created in the process of respiratory process of the body and it takes all the effort to remove this acid out of the body, but in some cases it has become an impossible task for the human body to remove this uric acid, the acid turns into tiny crystals inside the tissues and they deposit in various tissues of the human body. These crystals may become problematic when they deposit in the joints of the human body. In certain situations it causes a great pain and joint inflammation takes place. This situation is known as arthritis by common people. The function of the kidneys’ is also reduced by the gout.

Home Remedies for Gout

• Mother Nature has provided the people the medicines too. The fruits can reduce the gout in a considerable extent and make the patients to have a sigh of relief. The cherries and pineapples are the best treatments for the gout and they will remove the pains in a very short time. The fresh fruits are the best but if they do not have in the area the frozen fruits can be used. Those fruits can lower the pain and they help to reduce the inflammation.
• The water can do a great service to give the relief to the patients. The uric acid crystal is formed as a result of a less hydrated situation of the body. If he or she takes ample water the gout symptoms will not bother the patient. Some people do not take water instead of that they turn towards soda and other beverages, but that is not practicable. He or she must take water.
• The grapes are very useful to fight gout, as they have special chemical, which reduces the concentration of the uric acid. So by eating fresh or frozen grapes, the patient can observe positive changes in his body.
• The food can do a great service to get rid of the gout. Grains, seeds and nuts can do a great service in the body in order to cure gout; they can neutralize uric acid in the body. The berries are very good in the process of healing they have vitamin C and some important minerals.
• Running cold water on the afflicted area is another natural method to cure gout. It is known as the hydrotherapy. The pain and swelling can be reduced by soaking the relevant place with cold water.
• The affected place must be rubbed by using juniper oil. This method is also very popular among the people, who are suffering from gout.

Note : The main reason for gout is not taking enough water, so it is advisable to take ample water in order to refrain from gout.

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Enema Kits for Kids and Adults | Extreme Constipation Treatment

Enema is a medical term. To be more precise it is a medical therapy quite popular in medical science. For this therapy special type of kits are available in the market known as enema kits. The process of enema is usually carried out in the supervision of an expert practitioner but with the help of enema kits one can take the advantage of this medical therapy at home. In these enema kits a special type of liquid used for the therapy is present along with the device needed for this action. The kit also contain a paper with instructions clearly written on it so that any one at home can easily carry out the process of enema. Enema therapy is used for curing constipation and encropresis patients. The process involves inserting liquid via anus to the rectum and colon of the large intestine. In doing such, according to medical science, the problem of constipation gets resolved as the liquid exerts force and pressure inside the tract of the large intestine resulting in bowel movement within the tract and ultimately leading to excretion.

Records prevailing from the olden times

It is found that the process of enema existed in the olden times and was widely used by the people then. Let us read a gist on the history of enema.

1. A special type of syringe called clyster syringe was used for this purpose in the 17th century in Greece. To be accurate, this process of cleaning of intestinal tract was carried out by this clyster syringe, a type of syringe with nozzle to force out the liquid from the device and inject it to the anus.
2. This syringe was in use from the 17th century till 19th century. In the preceding part of the 19th century this clyster syringe got replaced by enema bulb syringe. This device had got a bulb of rubber at the end where the liquid was filled and at the other end a thin nozzle was fitted. The rubber bulb was needed to be pressed which would release the liquid into the tract through the nozzle. The nozzle would then be pushed in through the anus.
3. In ancient times, the patient suffering from bowel problem was kneeled down with their bumps facing upwards, then the apothecary used to push the nozzle inside the anus and injected the liquid
4. Unlike olden days, enema kits are now available in the market for carrying out this process at home without the need to visit a doctor.

Some facts about Enema

The other facts related to the process of enema are-

• It is mainly used in place of a laxative as laxatives are taken orally which need time to act, whereas the process of enema gives result instantaneously. Nothing harmful gets mixed up with the blood. Taking pills orally mixes with the blood and the effect is also seen slower to that of the enema.
• The liquid that is used in this process for cleaning rectum and colon consists of water which primarily works as regulator in the act of cleaning. This liquid can also be made of water with baking soda in it or by adding mild hand soap in the water.

While buying enema kits from the market one should definitely check the manufacturing and expiring dates of the kits and read the instruction manual well.

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How LASIK Operation is Performed by an Ophthalmologist

LASIK or also known as Laser assisted in-situ keratomileusis, a sprouting technique in the field of ophthalmology that deals with treatment and fixing eye defects such as myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. Among these eye problems, they have different characteristics that distinguish one from another. Thus, different processes by the help of this technique are required in each case. Often ophthalmologists are specialized on a certain area of defect.Because it is simpler to grasp the field of expertise without any other mixture of ideas and theories of other defects and also it takes specialization to master the topic. But some prefers to be a general ophthalmologist when he or she is dealing minor cases of surgeries or vision correction process. 

Just like in myopia or the nearsightedness, it is a correctable eye defect that arise from a condition that sunlight or light waves pass to the eye but as it penetrates continuously, the fraction of lights went to a wrong direction not in the center of retina going to the optic nerve necessary to relay the image to the brain. Because of this condition small amount of lights are recovered, that is why people having like this eye defect are having a hard time to focus standing far from objects because it seem to look blur or something that cannot readily understood. Thus to cope from deficiency, these people are going nearer to have focus and to see clearly the objects with details. Using LASIK it is corrected using refractive surgery which means to move again until it reaches the center where light supposedly must enter.

However, in Hyperopia there is also a specific method to follow in fixing or when having a LASIK surgery dealing this kind of eye defect which is far different from Myopia. Hyperopia is generally caused by an imperfect eye,an eye which has an abnormal structure that might result to embossed and short eyeballs or may rise from unrounded cornea. Due to these characteristics of eyeballs, it is difficult for a person to observe objects nearly because as he or she comes nearly, image went blur because of his or her lenses and also he or she cannot focus well that makes them easily dizzy. So the thing they will do is to look the object at a distant to view the image clearly. Using LASIK surgery, corneas are treated using the microkeratome technique. A technique using sets of incision patterned to a spokes wheel to carefully adjust the cornea and from the time the glass will be remove from incision, the cornea will heal and will be formed on a round shape. 

Ophthalmologist are required to be registered and expert before doing the surgery because a single mistake might lead the patient to a total black out and will lose the opportunity to see normally the same with people having a normal eyesight. And these ophthalmologists are also required to perform the surgery using sterile equipment and good physical condition to estimate laser emission and also to avoid inaccuracy while incising foreign objects to the eye.

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Postpartum Depression and Effects of Yoga in its Treatment

What is Postpartum Depression ?

Having a baby is a momentous and joyous occasion – and a huge life change. In addition to the usual stress that accompanies a newborn child, many women suffer from postpartum depression. Postpartum depression is a mood disorder that begins after childbirth. Women who suffer from postpartum depression often experience crying spells, episodes of anxiety, poor mood and feelings of hopelessness 
Postpartum depression varies in severity and might affect up to 1 in 5 women. Traditional methods for treating postpartum depression include: medication, diet, exercise, and hospitalization in severe cases. Recent studies have shown that yoga is highly beneficial to mothers suffering from postpartum. Mothers with postpartum who have practiced yoga have reported improvements in their overall wellbeing. 

How Yoga Helps in Treatment of Postpartum Depression

1. Relaxation

Yoga is excellent for stimulating the para-sympathetic nervous system. This engages the “rest & restore” response (the opposite of “fight or flight”). Movement in combination with breathing exercises and meditation aid in focus and help the practitioner to relax and let go of stress. Stress is known to intensify postpartum effects. By effectively managing their stress though yoga, mothers with postpartum depression can begin to assert control over their emotional wellbeing.

2. Self-Image

Women often feel pressure to quickly lose the weight gained during pregnancy. A new mother struggling to regain her pre-baby body can easily develop a poor self-image. Mothers who suffer from a poor self-image are more likely to experience the effects of postpartum depression. When mothers spend time listening to their bodies & meeting their own physical needs as they do in a yoga class, they have more internal resources to put the pressure to lose weight from outside sources into perspective.

3. Balancing Hormones

Perhaps the most interesting way yoga combats postpartum depression is by supporting the body’s endocrine system and in turn balancing hormones. In a recent study conducted by the University of California, Irvine, it was found that postpartum depression is caused by a chemical imbalance. The endocrine system is responsible for releasing and balancing the body’s hormones. Yoga supports the endocrine system and even prompts it to release endorphins into the body which elevate mood. A properly functioning endocrine system will regulate mood, metabolism, aid in digestion and stress management. For a mother suffering from postpartum depression a functioning endocrine system is vital.
Yoga is a holistic practice, incorporating the mind and body. Those who choose to practice yoga regularly make a commitment to self-awareness and self-care. By becoming more aware of and caring for both body and mind, mothers may ease the effects of postpartum depression or even cure themselves completely.
If you've experienced postpartum depression, what did you do about it? Did you practice yoga during that time, and if so, did it help?

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Pus on Tonsils : Tonsillitis Causes and Treatment

Pus on Tonsils

Pus on Tonsils is a common symptom of Tonsillitis. Its a common disease in children (3 to 12 year old). Tonsils are present in the back portion of our mouth, from where we swallow food and water. Pus on tonsils or swelling of tonsils can cause problems in swallowing food or breathing. It may also cause constant fever. The color of pus on tonsils may be yellow or white. Tonsillitis can occur due to some kind of bacterial or viral infections.

Tonsillitis

Usually tonsils help our body fight infections but sometimes they themselves get infected by some viral or
bacterial infection. Bacterial infection can be treated using antibiotics but viral infection is treated by body itself in 4 to 5 days. Symptoms of Tonsillitis may differ from person to person.

Some common symptoms of Tonsillitis are:

• Sore Throat
• Reddishness on tonsils or Back side of throat
• Pus deposition on tonsils (White or Yellow)
• Fever
• Vomiting
• Difficulty in swallowing
• Difficulty in Breathing

Common Symptoms of Tonsillitis in Children

• Bad breathing or snoring while sleeping
• Pain in Abdomen
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Lack of Appetite

Treatment of Tonsillitis

If you feel that you are facing some sort of problem with your tonsils, then visit doctor for proper medication. Doctor might ask you to get some tests done to know if its cause due to bacterial infection or viral infection. Bacterial infection can be treated using some antibiotics but medicines have no effect on viral infection and its treated by our immune system itself. Usually it takes 4 to 5 days to treat tonsillitis. In some rare cases doctor might ask you to get your tonsils removed. But if you notice the problem on time and do proper treatment as per the advice of doctor then you might not need it. You can take the following precautionary measures to treat tonsils in earliest possible time.

• Gargle with warm water at least three times a day
• Drink Warm water
• Eat some thing smooth with less or no spices.
• You may take pain killers if you are feeling pain.
• Get rest if you are feeling tired

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Diabetes Insipidus Symptoms, Treatment, Home Remedies

Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

Diabetes Insipidus is different from Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Insipidus is not related to sugar level in your blood. Its related to functioning of your kidney. Diabetes Insipidus is a condition which causes frequent urination. Its just like you are drinking water and its coming out as urine. In Diabetes Insipidus urine is very diluted (almost water). Therefore the patient feels a lot of thirst. Sometimes it even disturbs the sleep as the sufferer need to get up for urination. In worst conditions it may cause bedwetting. Bedwetting is mostly caused by kids as they have less control over their urinary muscles.

Diabetes Insipidus is not a life threatening disease. So if your doctor diagnosed you about this disease than don't be in any tension.

Diabetes Insipidus is of four Types :

1. Central Diabetes Insipidus: It occurs due to lack of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). It may be caused by some abnormality in the pituitary gland or hypothalamus.
2. Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: When Kidneys don't respond or respond improperly to anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) then it can cause Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus.
3. Gestational Diabetes Insipidus: This type of DI occurs during pregnancy. An enzyme made by the placenta destroys ADH in mother which results in Gestational Diabetes Insipidus. 
4. Primary Polydipsia: This condition is also known as dipsogenic diabetes insipidus or psychogenic polydipsia. Its not caused due to ADH production. It occurs due due to excessive fluid intake. This situation arises to either some mental illness or due to some dame in thirst-regulating mechanism.

Diabetes Insipidus Symptoms

Diabetes Insipidus Symptoms in Adults:

• Extreme thirst
• Frequent and Diluted Urine.

Diabetes Insipidus Symptoms in Kids / Children:

• Unusually Wet Diapers
• Fever
• Inconsolable Crying
• Vomiting or Diarrhea
• Weight loss
• Dry Skin due to Dehydration 
• Delayed growth

Diabetes Insipidus Treatment

There are different treatments for different types of Diabetes Insipidus. These different treatment are described below.

• Central Diabetes Insipidus Treatment: A synthetic hormone called desmopressin is used to treat Central Diabetes Insipidus . Its available as a nasal spray, oral tablets and injection. 
• Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus Treatment:  Low-salt diet can help in this condition as it reduces the amount of urine that your kidneys make. Hydrochlorothiazide is usually prescribed in this condition.
• Gestational diabetes insipidus Treatment:  Its also treated with synthetic hormone desmopressin.
• Primary Polydipsia Treatment:  There is no particular treatment for Primary Polydipsia. Best treatment for this form of diabetes insipidus is decreasing fluid intake.

Diabetes Insipidus Home Remedies

Diabetes Insipidus can be treated at home only during early stages. You can cure it by taking sufficient amount of water. But if you feel that your condition is severe then you must consult a doctor as soon as possible.

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Cyclospora Infection Symptoms and Treatment

Cyclospora Infection

Cyclospora Infection occurs due to contaminated food or water. Its different from food poisoning as there are no immediate symptoms. Cyclospora Infection symptoms start to appear after 2 days of infection. In some cases it may last within few days, but if it continues for more than a week then you should must see a doctor. Parasites responsible for Cyclospora need a host to travel from one person to another. That medium may be contaminated food or water. It doesn't spread through air. So a little precaution while taking food with your friends or colleagues, and eating fresh food can prevent you from getting this parasite.

Cyclospora Infection Symptoms

Cyclospora Infection symptoms may take a few days to appear. In some people it may take even a week.
Some common symptoms of Cyclospora Infection include:

• Loss of appetite
• Watery diarrhea
• explosive bowel movements
• Weight Loss
• Stomach Cramps
• Vomiting
• Low Fever
• Fatigue

Cyclospora Infection Treatment

Before starting the treatment of Cyclospora Infection, you can can confirm it through a stool test. A person with healthy immune system will not need any medicines for treatment of Cyclospora Infection. Before taking a medicine you should must consult your doctor. Usually doctors prefer the following medication:

• Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, available by the trade names Bactrim or Septra. 
• If you have sulfa allergies, then doctor may recommend Cipro or Alinia.

Possible Prevention for Cyclospora Infection

• Wash Fruits and Vegetables before cooking or eating them.
• You may use a washing mix of  Vinegar and Water.
• Avoid packed food, especially packed salad.

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Trypophobia Test, Causes, Cure and Treatment

Trypophobia

Trypophobia is a relatively new term in medical science. It came into existence in year 2005. Trypo is a greek term (just like other scientific words), which means "drilling or boring holes". A research by Arnold Wilkins and Geoff Cole described it as a mental disorder. Most of the doctors don't believe that there is any such disease. They believe Trypophobia is just a fear from beehives and antholes which result in people assuming that such structures are present on their skin. Research is still going on to find if Trypophobia is a real disease or not.

Trypophobia Test

Some people often search for "Trypophobia Test" on google to find if there is any test available to diagnose Trypophobia disease. As Trypophobia is not a recognized mental disorder by psychologists

Trypophobia Causes

Trypophobia is fear of clustered holes. Which means if you are over fearful of clustered holes then there are chances that at some time you might feel that you are suffering from Trypophobia. There is no other specific cause of Trypophobia.

Trypophobia Treatment

Trypophobia is not a recognised disease, so there is no specific treatment or medicine. Some people believe that behavioral therapy can be helpful in this disease. The fear of holes just need to be removed from subconscious mind.

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Sunburn Blisters on Face Pictures Treatment and Home Remedies

Sunburn Blisters are severe form of Sunburn. It can happen if you are exposed to direct sunlight for long durations and not using any protection (such as a sunscream). Blisters are formed after sunburn if you don't take precaution after simple sunburn.

Its best to avoid direct sunlight for long duration during summer. However it differs from person to person. Some people can bear sunlight for long duration while some can't. That doesn't mean that those who get sunburn are weak. It only mean that their skin is more sensitive comparable to others. If your skin is more sensitive, then its better to take some precautions and avoid getting sunburn blisters on your skin.
Sunburn Blisters mostly occur on face, as our face have most sensitive skin of our body. Secondary region that is affected most by sunburn blisters is upper shoulder and back.

Sunburn Blisters Treatment and Home Remedies

1). Put Aloe Vera in Fridge for sometime and then apply it on Blisters.
2). Use an NSAID like aspirin or Motrin to get relief from pain and inflammation.
3). Never pop your blisters and if they are there from more than 2 days that consult your doctor.
4). Cold Tomato is also a good home remedy.
5). Some people also find Solarcain spray as an instant pain reliver.
6). Wash your blisters once a day with neosporin. You should use a soft washcloth if its bearable, else you should use your own hands.

The mark of blisters might take 3 to 6 months to get  completely removed. You should consult a doctor / dermatologist regarding marks on skin. Betterhealthfacts.blogspot.com expect that the information provided here will help you. We will bring more relevant information on this topic very soon. 

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Tension Headache Symptoms Causes Relief and Treatment

Tension is not a problem in itself but it creates a lot of problem for our body. It’s a part of basic nature of a person. Some people get tense very easily while some don’t. Sometimes over sensitivity or hypersensitivity creates a problem for ourselves. Being sensitive is a good thing, but we should also have some control over our feelings.

Tension Headache

A number of people get headache due to tension. It is becoming a major problem in the modern lifestyle. Our brain is the most affected area during tension. Sometimes it is due to high blood pressure and sometimes due to stress. But both of them make negative impact and starts headache.

Tension Headache symptoms

• Pain in head, mostly in the front part.


• Feeling tightness in the forehead.


• Loss of Appetite

Tension Headache Causes

Sometimes it’s some professional problem or some serious matter in the family and a lot of more things that can create tension, which leads to headache. But if we talk about medical science, it says that pain of tension headache is caused due to muscle contraction in the face, neck and scalp. However heightened emotions, tension or stress can also cause headache.

Tension Headache Relief and Treatment

• Live an organized and planned life and don’t overreact to adverse situations.


• If you are feeling stress and tension then just loosen your body and try to settle your emotions.


• Share your feelings with someone. He/she might be a doctor, friend or relative.


• Take deep breathes during stress and do yoga meditation on a regular basis.


• Use some relaxation techniques like listening to music or reading books.


• If still you need something more then you can try some medicines after consulting a doctor. Depending on the severity of headache doctor might suggest you aspirin, ibuprofen or naproxen.

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Throat Infection Types, Causes, Home Remedies and Medicine

Throat infection, also known as Sore Throat is mostly caused due to a viral or bacterial infection. There are different types of throat infections and some of them are listed below.

Throat Infection Types

• Pharyngitis


• Laryngitis


• Strep Throat


• Tonsillitis


• Quinsy

All of these types of throat infection will be discussed later.

Throat Infection Causes

Mostly it is caused due to a bacterial or viral infection but sometime it is triggered due to bad cough, smoke, fumes and dust.

Throat Infection Medicine

In the beginning you can take Paracetamol and ibuprofen to avoid fever and pain. But if it doesn’t help and fever reoccurs then consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Throat Infection Home Remedies

As soon as you notice the symptoms of sore throat, take some natural antibiotic and antiviral immune boosting food supplements. Examples of antiviral foods are Garlic, Apple and food rich in Vitamin C (such as lemon and Orange). Examples of Antibacterial foods are Garlic, Carrot, Cabbage, Lemon and Pineapple. Some more tips to recover as soon as possible are:

• Gargling using Warm salty water


• Avoid any type of smoke

More about → Throat Infection Types, Causes, Home Remedies and Medicine

Blood Pressure Disorders Medication Names Types and Side Effects

Blood Pressure Disorder Types:

There are 2 types of Blood Pressure Disorder Types: High and Low. High Blood Pressure is also known as Hypertension and Low Blood Pressure is known as Hypotension. These can be further categorized into different categories.

Types of Hypertension:

• White coat hypertension


• Isolated Systolic Hypertension


• Malignant Hypertension


• Primary hypertension


• Secondary hypertension


• Resistant Hypertension


• Hypertension in the lungs

Types of Hypotension:

• Postural Hypotension


• Postprandial Hypotension


• Neurally Mediated Hypotension (NMH)

Blood Pressure Medication and Medication Types

If you are suffering from High Blood Pressure Level 1( i.e BP ranging from 140/90 to 159/99 ), then your doctor might suggest you to use any of these medicines:

• Diuretics (also known as water pills)


• Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors


• Angiotensin II receptor blockers


• Beta blockers


• Calcium channel blockers


• Renin inhibitors

Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension) Medication:

• Fludrocortisone for Orthostatic Hypotension


• Midodrine (Orvaten, Proamatine) for Chronic Orthostatic Hypotension

Blood Pressure Medication Side Effects

All medicines have certain side effects but these side effects are different in different people, but if you are lucky you might have no side effect. No medicine is side-effect proof. But if you are feeling that certain medicine is causing some side effects, then you should discuss it with your doctor. Doctor might change it. Sometime over dose also cause some side effects. In some cases the medicines have no side effect but it reacts with some other medication that you are using for some other disease. So keep your doctor aware of all medicines that you are using.

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Food Poisoning Symptoms Treatment Cure Recovery Remedies and Treatment

Food Poisoning

Food Poisoning is a problem that occurs due to consumption of contaminated food. Food may be contaminated due to some bacteria, virus, parasites or natural toxins.

Food Poisoning Symptoms:

• Abdominal pain and/or cramping. Pain in stomach is the very first symptom.


• Diarrhea: Sometimes even blood may come.


• Nausea


• Vomiting


• Malaise: Patient feels a lot of uneasiness.


• Fever may also occur.

Food Poisoning Cure and Treatment:

• ORS should be used at regular interval to prevent dehydration.


• Doctor should be consulted as soon as possible.


• Absorbents and Antisecretory agents may be useful. But these should be used as per doctor’s advice.


• If symptoms continue for 3 to 4 days then stool test should be done.

Food Poisoning Recovery:

In most of the cases its treated within 2 days, but patient may feel lack of energy in body for next few days.

Food Poisoning Home Remedies:

• In you don’t have access to proper medication and doctor then acupressure might help. Press the middle part of soles and palms. It helps extracting the poisonous material out of body urine. Also take ORS to prevent dehydration.


• Bananas can also help. They are rich in potassium and show good effects in food poisoning.


• Apples can also be used as they reduce acid reflux.


• Lemon is rich of acids that can kill most of the bacteria responsible for food poisoning.


• Activated charcoal can be used to absorb unwanted gases and help in speedy recovery.

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Lupus Rash Symptoms in Men Women and Children | Treatment Drugs and Diet

Lupus is a chronic inflammatory disease in which our immune system starts to harm our own body. Its symptoms are difficult to diagnose and treat. Lupus may start due to some infection, or reaction from some drugs or sunlight.

Lupus Symptoms

No two people suffering from Lupus have the same symptoms. All men, women and children facing this problem might face some of the following symptoms:

• Joint Pain


• Swelling and Stiffness


• Fatigue and Fever


• Rashes of the shape of a butterfly


• Dry eye


• Skin lesions that can get worse with sun exposure


• Chest Pain


• During Low temperature Fingers and Toes might turn blue


• Headache and memory loss

Lupus Treatment

Its treatment is based on the symptoms that you are showing. Doctor might change the dosage time to time depending on the effect of treatment on your body. Sometimes the diet prescribed by the doctor can also help a lot.

Lupus Drugs

Following medication might be prescribed by your doctor according to your symptoms.

• Antimalarial drugs


• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)


• Immune suppressants

Lupus Diet and Lifestyle

• Try to remain away from sun as ultraviolet radiation might trigger Lupus.


• Eat fruits, vegetables and whole grains.


• Don’t Smoke.


• Exercise Regularly


• Get plenty of sleep

More about → Lupus Rash Symptoms in Men Women and Children | Treatment Drugs and Diet

Hemorrhoids Treatment Surgery and Cure | Home Remedy| Home Treatment

Hemorrhoids are a common disease. About half of the adults face this problem once by reaching the age of 50 Years. This disease is also known by its common name “Piles”. It is caused due to inflamed veins in the lower Rectum or Anus. Mostly it can be treated by home remedies and treatment.

Hemorrhoids are of two types:

• Internal Hemorrhoids: Caused in the veins inside the rectum which is not visible.


• External Hemorrhoids: Caused around Anus and visible around it.

Hemorrhoids Causes:

• It can occur due to tight bowel movements


• Increased pressure on veins in the rectum during pregnancy


• Sitting for long durations in the toilet


• Constipation


• Obesity


• Anal Intercourse


• Inheritance

Hemorrhoids Symptoms:

• Painless Bleeding while passing Stools


• Itching near Anus


• Swelling and Lumps around Anus


• Leakage of Feces

Hemorrhoids Treatment: In case of minimal symptoms your doctor can suggest over-the-counter creams, ointments, suppositories or pads. Don’t use this medication for longer durations as it can cause side effects. If the problem is bit more than doctor can remove the clot by a simple incision.

If the problem still persists then following procedures can be done:

• Rubber band ligation


• Sclerotherapy


• Coagulation

Hemorrhoids Surgery:  If the problem is more severe then doctor might suggest surgery.  There are two types of surgeries:

• Hemorrhoid Removal


• Hemorrhoid Stapling

Hemorrhoids Cure:  Prevention is better than Cure, so will suggest you following things to prevent this disease:

• Eat food that is rich in fiber


• Drink plenty of water


• Don’t put too much pressure while passing the stool.


• Exercise regularly


• Don’t stand or sit for long periods.

Hemorrhoids Home Remedy |Hemorrhoids Home Treatment:

• Put your anal area in warm water for 10 minutes thrice daily


• Keep your Anal Area Clean


• Use moist or wet toilet-paper


• Apply ice packs to relieve swelling


• Take oral pain relievers

More about → Hemorrhoids Treatment Surgery and Cure | Home Remedy| Home Treatment

Gout Disease Causes Symptoms Diet Treatment and Home Remedy

Gout is a disease mostly caused due to inflammatory arthritis .It cause swelling in joints. Toes are the most affected area in this disease. Another common name of Gout Disease is “Podagra”. It is usually caused due to increasing level of Uric Acid in the blood. It can also cause kidney stones or tophi.

Gout Symptoms:

• Inflammatory Arthritis


• Big toe is the most affected area.


• Knees, wrists, fingers and heels can also be affected.

Gout Causes:

• Increased level of Uric Acid in the blood.


• Hyperuricemia (Lower level of Uric Acid is primary cause of Hyperuricemia) can lead to Gout.


• More use of alcohol, meat, seafood and fructose-sweetened drinks.


• Genetic Disorders

Gout Treatment:

• Ice can be used on affected area to reduce the pain.


• Attacks can be prevented by drugs.

Gout Medicine:

• NSAIDs (NonSteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs), Steroids and Colchicine.


• If patient is suffering from frequent attacks then Allopurinol or Probenecid can help.

Gout Home Remedy:

• Try to maintain your weight.


• Avoid Alcohol.


• Drink plenty of fluid.


• Avoid non-vegetarian diet and seafood.


• To deal with the pain never use asprin. Asprin can make it worse. You can go for ibuprofen.


• Take the prescribed medication.


• Herbal Remedy: These herbs are anti-inflammatory agents that can relieve pain
  
  
  
  • Devil's claw root
  
  
  • Gingerroot
  
  
  • Meadowsweet leaves and flowertops
  
  
  • White Willow bark
  
  
  
  

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Gallbladder Stones Removal Surgery Cost |Diet, Treatment, Home Remedy

Gallbladder Stones, also known as Gallstones in medical terminology, is a condition when some crystals are formed inside Gallbladder. Mostly these stones are formed due to the crystallization of bile components. It can be cured through surgery. Sometimes Gallstones can cause blockage in some ducts which can make life-threatening condition.  

Gallbladder Stones Symptoms:

• No Symptoms for years


• Symptoms appear when stone size become more than 8mm.


• Its first symptom is “gallstone attack” in which the person experience intense pain.


• Pain is in upper right side of abdomen.


• Vomiting and Nausea may also occur.


• Pain in shoulder Blades may also occur.


• These attacks mostly happen in night.


• These symptoms are similar to Kidney Stone attack.

Gallbladder Stones Causes:

• Its risk increases in women before menopause


• It occurs mostly after age of 40 Years


• Lack of Melatonin


• Inherited Body Chemistry


• Rapid weight loss


• Constipation


• Eating Less Meal per day


• Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors

Gallbladder Stones Treatment:

• Cholesterol gallstones can be treated by medicines such as Ursodeoxycholic Acid, but it may take years. Gallstones may reoccur if medicine is stopped.


• Endoscopic Surgery


• Gallstones can be broken by a procedure called “lithotripsy”, which is a shock wave treatment.


• Laparoscopic Surgery


• Open Cholecystectomy


• In some rare cases Gallbladder needs to be removed.

Home Remedies:

• Wine and whole-grained bread may decrease the risk


• "Gallbladder Flush" or "Liver Flush":  A treatment by using pure apple juice, apples (or applesauce), magnesium and lemon juice mixed with olive oil.

Medicine: Cholesterol gallstones can be treated by medicines such as Ursodeoxycholic Acid, but it may take years. Gallstones may reoccur if medicine is stopped.

More about → Gallbladder Stones Removal Surgery Cost |Diet, Treatment, Home Remedy

Herpes Zoster (Shingles) Virus Vaccine Causes Symptoms and Treatment

Herpes Zoster  is also known as Shingles. It is caused due to a virus named “Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)”. Initial infection of VZV causes Chickenpox. Once chickenpox is over and if virus still remains in the body then it can cause Shingles. Sometimes it occurs several years after chickenpox. VZV remains latent in nerve cell bodies and travel down to nerve axons and cause a viral infection. This infection occurs at a particular area of body which is connected to one spinal nerve. This infection takes 2 to 4 weeks to heal but pain may remain for months. Shingles is less painful in children as compared to elders. If it occours around eyes or ears then sufferer might face loss of vision or hearing.

Herpes Zoster Symptoms:

Early Symptoms:

• Headache


• Fever


• Malaise

Afterwards Symptoms:

• Burning Pain


• Itching


• Oversensitivity(Tingling or Numbness)


• Painful Rashes


• Quick Stabs

Herpes Zoster Causes:  Shingles only occur in those people who have earlier fallen prey to Chickenpox. The reason behind the dormant nature of VZV virus and its reactivation is not known.

Herpes Zoster Treatment: Its treatment can only shorten the duration of pain and infection. Antiviral treatment is recommended within 72 hours of appearance of rash.

Herpes Zoster Medicine:

• Antiviral Medicines ( Valaciclovir and Famciclovir).


• Topical lidocaine may reduce pain.


• Shingles Vaccine : Zostavax (It contains weakened chickenpox virus to stimulate our immune system)

Herpes Zoster and AIDS : If a person is suffering from AIDS and already had chickenpox at a young age, then chances of Shingles are very high as his/her immune system will not suppress VZV virus.

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